Author: IIES Bangalore

Static vs Dynamic Linking in C (With Examples, GCC Commands & Use Cases) Static linking and dynamic linking in C are two fundamental techniques used to combine library code with a program during the build process. In static linking, all required library functions are copied …

Digital vs Analog VLSI: Core Differences in IC Design VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) design is broadly classified into Digital VLSI and Analog VLSI, based on how signals are represented and processed inside integrated circuits. Although both use the same semiconductor technology, their design philosophy, …

SPI vs I2C vs CAN: Microcontroller Communication Protocols Explained Microcontroller communication protocols define how microcontrollers exchange data with peripheral devices in embedded systems. The most commonly used protocols—SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), and CAN (Controller Area Network)—are designed for different speeds, distances, wiring …

Bootloader in Embedded System – Architecture, Design & Firmware Updates In every modern product, the bootloader in embedded system decides whether the device starts safely or fails silently. From small controllers used in sensors to complex automotive ECUs, the bootloader controls the entire startup lifecycle, …

UART Communication in 8051 Microcontroller UART communication in 8051 microcontroller is one of the most widely used serial communication methods in embedded systems. It allows the 8051 to exchange data with external devices such as computers, GSM modules, Bluetooth modules, GPS receivers, and sensors. UART …