Basic Electronics knowledge helps in advancing your embedded systems, and application development career by learning electronics.
Basic Electronics – Digital and analog electronics are the core building blocks of electronic systems. Digital electronics deal with discrete signals that are represented by binary values (1s and 0s), while analog electronics deal with continuous signals that vary in amplitude and time. Knowledge of both allows for a comprehensive understanding of the principles and concepts underlying electronic circuits.
This course covers everything from concept to basic to visualization. Learning about digital components helps in providing accuracy, portability, compatibility, and understanding why learning analog components is a foundation for developing other microcontroller programming languages.
In summary, knowledge of digital and analog electronics is essential for understanding the underlying principles of electronic systems, designing and troubleshooting complex circuits, ensuring signal compatibility, and enabling flexibility in engineering roles.
This module is part of the PG Diploma in Embedded Systems Design & Development
Click to Download Free: Basic Electronics interview questions
Course Name: “Crash Course on Basic Electronics”
Duration – 6 Days
No. Of hours per day – 4 hours
Total No of hours – 24
Pre- and post-assessment – YES
Project – NO
Course completion certificate – YES
Pre-Requisite – Should be comfortable with some basic arithmetic
“Basic Electronics” is the foundation upon which our digital future is built. It covers fundamental electronic components like resistors, capacitors, transistors, and diodes and dives into the theory behind electricity and electronic circuits.
A crash course on “Basic Electronics” typically starts with Ohm’s Law and basic circuit theory. It then delves into passive components, their characteristics, and applications. After mastering these, participants proceed to learn about active components, such as semiconductors, and their fundamental operation principles.
Hands-on projects, like breadboarding circuits and using a multimeter, form a crucial part of the learning process in “Basic Electronics”. Moreover, understanding how to read electronic schematics paves the way to building more complex circuits and devices.
To sum up, a crash course on “Basic Electronics” is a doorway to the exciting world of electronics, enabling enthusiasts to comprehend how electronic devices function and inspiring future innovation.
The basic electronics module is composed of analog and digital components, which provides an understanding of the design of an embedded system. Digital signals are characterized by their voltage levels, which enable the output to be produced without any interference. Utilizing a digital system simplifies the design process, facilitates portability, and increases overall efficiency. Digital design involves the use of memory elements, such as flip flops or latches, which are commonly employed with embedded systems. Acquiring an understanding of analog design is essential for the development of a module in a PCB board, and it also provides an insight into the power that is applied to each individual module.
Topic 1: Circuits, Sources and Loads
Electrical concepts: charge, current, voltage
Sources and Loads: power, resistors, sources
DC circuit analysis: Kirchhoff’s laws, series and parallel resistors, voltage divider, current divider, Thevenin’s theorem, analysis strategies
Energy and power: batteries, efficiency, maximum power transfer
AC concepts: DC and AC, sinusoidal functions, AC voltage, and current, RMS
Topic 2: Power Supplies
Diodes: ideal diodes, diode construction, and operation, IV characteristic, ideal and first-order models
Half wave rectifiers: peak output voltage, capacitors, voltage ripple
Full wave rectifiers: voltage ripple, transformers
Voltage regulators: regulators, voltage doublers, inductors
DC-DC converters: transistors as switches, RL circuits, switched regulators
Topic 3: Linear Amplifiers
Amplifier concepts: input resistance and output resistance, gain, offset, maximum output voltage, and current, differential amplifiers
Op-amps: concept, equivalent circuit model, inverting, non-inverting and summing amplifiers, power op-amps
Transistors: principles of BJTs and MOSFETs, simple models, linear amplifier configurations
Frequency dependent gain: frequency response, RC transfer function, cross-over frequency, low pass, and high pass filters
Topic 4: Circuit Analysis
Superposition
Norton’s Theorem
Mesh analysis
Nodal analysis
Time domain response: RC, RL, and RLC networks, transient response, steady state DC response,
step response, periodic response
Topic 6: Steady State Sinusoidal Analysis
Complex signals and impedance: complex exponentials, complex arithmetic in Cartesian and polar form, complex impedance
Phasors
Filters: RC filters, buffered and unbuffered bandpass filters, RL filters, active filters
Resonant Circuits: series and parallel resonant circuits, resonant frequency, bandwidth, quality factor
Topic 7: Digital Electronics
Introduction to Digital Electronics
Number System in Digital Electronics, Introduction to Logic Gates, Boolean Arithmetic
Introduction to Combinational logic circuits
Briefly explain about combinational logic circuits like Half adder, Full adder, Half subtractor, Full subtractor, Ripple carry adder, Carry look ahead adder, Encoder , Decoder, Multiplexer and Demultiplexer
Introduction to Sequential logic circuit
Briefly explain about Sequential logic circuits like Latches, Flip-flops, Registers and Counters
Analog to Digital Converter
Learning basic electronics, analog, and digital opens up a variety of career opportunities in electronics, telecommunications, and other related fields12. Here are some examples of careers that require knowledge of basic electronics, analog, and digital:
Electronics Technician: These professionals assist in the design, installation, testing, and maintenance of electronic systems and equipment. They must have a solid understanding of basic electronics, analog, and digital signal processing.
Electrical Engineer: Electrical engineers design, develop, and test electrical equipment and systems. Knowledge of both analog and digital electronics is essential to perform well in this field.
Telecommunications Engineer: Telecommunications engineers design, develop, and maintain systems that transmit and receive signals, such as communication networks, satellite systems, and mobile devices. Understanding both analog and digital electronics is necessary for these types of engineers.
Network Administrator: Network administrators oversee the installation and maintenance of local and wide-area networks. They need to have a solid grasp of digital electronics to manage data transmission and network security.
Technical Sales Engineer: Technical sales engineers sell complex technological products and services to businesses. They require a solid understanding of the technical features and capabilities of the products they sell, including knowledge of analog and digital electronics.
Robotics Engineer: Robotics engineers require an understanding of both analog and digital electronics to design, develop, and maintain robotic systems that operate on electrical power.
Embedded Systems Designer: Embedded systems designers develop hardware and software systems that are integrated into a larger product or system, such as consumer electronics, automobiles, and medical devices. Knowledge of both analog and digital electronics is crucial for this work.
PCB Designer: PCB designs need a deep understanding of electronics, including analog and digital circuitry. They must also have knowledge of PCB manufacturing processes and industry standards. PCB designers play a crucial role in the development and production of electronic devices.
R&D Developer: An R&D Developer, also known as a Research and Development Developer, is a professional who utilizes expertise in a specific field to research, design, and develop new and innovative products, technologies, and processes. They work closely with a team of researchers, engineers, and designers to create, test, and refine prototypes and applications that use basic electronics to solve problems and address market needs
Communication Systems: Basic electronics play a vital role in various communication systems, such as telephones, radios, and wireless networks. These devices rely on electronic components like transmitters, receivers, and antennas to transmit and receive signals.
Consumer Electronics: Basic electronics are found in everyday consumer devices like televisions, smartphones, laptops, calculators, and digital watches. These electronic gadgets rely on components such as integrated circuits (ICs), processors, displays, sensors, and memory chips.
Automotive Electronics: Modern vehicles heavily rely on basic electronics for various functionalities. Electronic control units (ECUs) manage systems such as engine control, transmission control, navigation, entertainment, and safety features.
Industrial Automation: Basic electronics are used extensively in industrial automation systems. Examples include programmable logic controllers (PLCs), motor control circuits, sensors, and communication interfaces, enabling automation in manufacturing processes.
Medical Devices: Basic electronics are integral to medical equipment and devices, such as MRI machines, ultrasounds, patient monitoring systems, and pacemakers. These devices rely on electronic components for diagnostics, imaging, data processing, and control.
Renewable Energy Systems: Basic electronics are crucial in renewable energy systems like solar panels and wind turbines. The electronics convert and manage the electrical energy generated, ensuring efficient power distribution and control.
Understanding the fundamental components of electronic devices, such as transistors and diode transistors, has paved the way for a career as a design engineer, PCB designer. This knowledge provides an understanding of the components that must be used in electronic devices and the voltage that must be applied to them, and assists in the integration of IOT-related applications.
The importance of both digital and analog electronics in the industry cannot be overstated, however, it is generally accepted that digital electronics are in higher demand than analog electronics. This is due to the fact that digital electronics are widely used in computers, mobile devices, and the Internet of Things. Nevertheless, analog electronics remain relevant in fields such as audiovisual and medical equipment. It is also essential to take into account one’s personal interests and abilities when making a decision.
The most effective way to acquire knowledge in electronics is to construct multiple logic circuits and use them on a daily basis. For instance, if one has a good understanding of analog and digital components, they may wish to use them on development boards such as the Arduino micro controller and bread boards. By utilizing a component on a daily basis, one can gain knowledge on both digital and analog components.
Calculus is employed to model circuits and systems that are subject to input changes. Differential equations are employed to model the behaviour of dynamic systems, including motor and generator systems. Linear algebras are employed to study linear systems, including control systems. Complex analysis is employed to study circuits that contain reactive components, including capacitors, inductors, etc.
In order to be successful in the design field, one must possess a thorough understanding of circuits, the connections between boards, the soldering process, and the fundamental principles of transistors. Additionally, one can gain knowledge through Xilinx and Cad software tool simulations.
The analysis of both Analog and digital components enables the designer to comprehend which components must be employed and which power supply must be supplied, as well as providing insight into the use of Analog and digital sensors for real-time applications. These sensors play an essential role in the development of an embedded system application.
This program provides students with the necessary knowledge and skills to become proficient in basic electronics. It covers topics such as the colour coding of resistors, the identification of led diodes, and the operation of transistors in various configurations. Additionally, it helps in the reduction of noise by designing filter circuits. Furthermore, it covers fundamental theorems to determine the current and voltage in a circuit. Furthermore, it provides an understanding of the use of oscilloscopes, CROs, and multi meters.
The communication involved in embedded systems happened from master to slave and slave to master topology. Communication also happened from point to point network and some topologies in the network. The network topologies involve point-to-point or multi-point connections. Communications also happened in sensors based on wired and wireless communications.
Digital logic and computer book by marrios mano & Digital circuits and design by salivahanan
It involves one of the main application in weight measurement in all commercial applications. The main components involves amplifier op amp processor and display units
A camera controller, user interface components, and photo capture components. The camera is controlled by the controller elements. Rephrase The recording of images is done by its photo capture elements. The charge coupled device and the complementary metal oxide Semiconductor are the sensors used in cameras.
Any real-time application requires component manufacture. It also includes a lot of tiny components and electrical chips. Our model provides information on the components that must be utilized as well as the power requirements for each component. All controllers employ sensors, actuators, diodes, and photo detectors as their primary components.
It is used to show the current time and date in minutes, hours, and seconds. As a developer, he/she used to combine more digital components to build a digital clock. Digital components rely on circuit design, which includes utilizing an ic7493 to create a clock that runs at 1 Hz. To generate those frequencies, frequency divider circuits are used. The frequency divider circuit, which makes use of flip-flops as a memory component, is employed with a seven-segment display, along with logic gates.
The memory element of a combinational or sequential design is represented by a memory location selector. The input is the selected memory location, with the output being the specified byte. This type of memory element does not rely on prior inputs. For RAM, the memory location is the input, and the operation is the read or write operation. The output is the specified other byte, which can be either the write operation or the read operation, and the success indicator is either the chosen read operation or the chosen read operation. This type of RAM circuit does not rely on previous inputs, but rather on the previous write operations of the selected memory location.
Shift registers are a commonly used component in microcontroller design, primarily for the purpose of reducing the number of General Purpose Input and Output (GPIO) pins. By utilizing shift registers in series connections, a circuit can be designed that is both compact and capable of utilizing the reduced number of GPIO pins. Additionally, shift registers are utilized as a memory element in computers and calculators. All communication protocols, such as i2c, spi, and shift registers, are implemented in serial and parallel modes.
In the context of real-time design, both models incorporate mealy and Moore circuits for state diagrams; the state diagram is particularly useful in the design of elevators. The Mealy and Moore model is based on traffic signals and vending machines, as well as digital filter design applications.
Computer science necessitates the use of a programming language. Programming languages and algorithms, such as Python and fuzzy logic, are derived from finite state machines. By gaining a knowledge of finite state machines in digital concepts, one can create their own applications with real-time applications.
Computer science necessitates the use of a programming language. Programming languages and algorithms, such as Python and fuzzy logic, are derived from finite state machines. By gaining an understanding of finite state machines in digital concepts, one can create their own applications with real-time applications.
