Engineering

Understanding Pointers in C INTRODUCTION In the C programming language, pointers stand out as one of the most powerful and essential features. They provide a way to directly access and manipulate memory, making programs more efficient and flexible. While pointers may seem complex to beginners, …

Understanding Operational Amplifiers (Op-Amps): The Heart of Analog Electronics INTRODUCTION Operational amplifiers, commonly known as op-amps, are fundamental components in the field of analog electronics. These versatile devices are widely used in signal amplification, filtering, and a variety of circuit applications across industries. Whether you’re …

LINUX UTILITIES AND SHELL PROGRAMMING INTRODUCTION Linux is a Unix-like computer operating system assembled under the model of free and open source software development and distribution. The defining component of Linux is the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released 5 October 1991 by …

Process Scheduling & States in Linux INTRODUCTION Process scheduling is at the heart of how Linux manages system resources, determining which process gets to use the CPU and when. For system administrators, developers, and performance analysts, understanding how the Linux scheduler works—and how processes transition …

STM32 in Automotive Applications: Safety Features and CAN Bus INTRODUCTION Modern vehicles rely heavily on advanced electronics for performance, safety, and connectivity. Among the many components enabling these capabilities, STM32 microcontrollers stand out as a powerful and versatile solution. Developed by STMicroelectronics, STM32 MCUs are …