November 25, 2024Engineeringby IIES Bangalore

Overview of STM32 AND Cortex-M Microcontrollers

Overview of STM32 AND Cortex-M Microcontrollers INTRODUCTION Cortex-M microcontrollers, designed by ARM, are a family of efficient, low-power 32-bit cores tailored for real-time embedded systems. These cores power a wide range of applications, from IoT devices to automotive and medical systems. Features like low-latency interrupt …

November 25, 2024Engineeringby IIES Bangalore

Constructing an Obstacle Avoidance Robot with Ultrasonic Sensors and STM32F401RE

Constructing an Obstacle Avoidance Robot with Ultrasonic Sensors and STM32F401RE INTRODUCTION One essential feature that enables mobile robots to safely traverse environments is obstacle avoidance. The STM32F401RE microcontroller and an ultrasonic sensor (like the HC-SR04) will be used to construct an obstacle avoidance robot in …

November 25, 2024Engineeringby IIES Bangalore

Significance of PWM in Everyday life and its diverse Applications

Significance of PWM in everyday life and its Diverse Applications INTRODUCTION In electronics, pulse width modulation (PWM) serves as a method for controlling a circuit’s power output by adjusting the width of the pulse signal. In Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), a constant frequency electrical signal, …

November 23, 2024Engineeringby IIES Bangalore

History of C++ and Sample program of C++

History of c++ and Sample program of c++ INTRODUCTION C++ is a versatile, middle-level programming language that bridges the gap between low-level and high-level programming. It was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Telephone Laboratories as an extension of the C language. Initially called “C …

November 23, 2024Engineeringby IIES Bangalore

Understanding the Differences Between C and C++

Understanding the Differences Between C and C++ INTRODUCTION C and C++ are two widely used programming languages, each catering to different development needs. C is a procedural language focusing on functions and procedures, while C++ extends C with Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) capabilities, making it a multi-paradigm …

November 23, 2024Engineeringby IIES Bangalore

Procedural Programming and Object Oriented Programming

Procedural Programming and Object Oriented Programming INTRODUCTION Programming evolves through different paradigms, with Procedural Programming (PP) and Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) being two prominent approaches. PP focuses on organizing tasks into functions, such as int add(int a, int b), to perform specific operations. In contrast, OOP …

November 22, 2024Engineeringby IIES Bangalore

Callback Functions in C: Enhancing Flexibility and Custom Behavior

Callback Functions in C: Enhancing Flexibility and Custom Behavior INTRODUCTION In the world of C programming, functions play a pivotal role in modularizing and optimizing code. Two advanced concepts that often arise when working with functions are callback functions and nested functions. These concepts allow developers …

November 21, 2024Engineeringby IIES Bangalore

Best Practices to Pass Parameters in C

Best Practices to Pass Parameters in C INTRODUCTION In C programming, functions play a crucial role in structuring and organizing code. A key aspect of working with functions is understanding how parameters are passed between the caller and the callee. Parameter passing allows data to …

November 21, 2024Engineeringby IIES Bangalore

A Beginner’s Guide to Modules and Packages in Python Programming

A Beginner’s Guide to Modules and Packages in Python Programming INTRODUCTION Discover the fundamental differences between Python modules and packages in this detailed guide. Learn how modules—single Python files containing reusable code—compare to packages, which organize multiple modules into structured directories. Understand how to create, import, and …

November 20, 2024Engineeringby IIES Bangalore

Practical Applications of Python Data Types in Real-world Projects

Practical Applications of Python Data Types in Real-world Projects INTRODUCTION In programming, the data type of a variable defines what kind of value it can hold and what operations can be performed on it. Python, being a dynamically-typed language, automatically assigns a data type to …

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